Dw. Dunphy On… The End of the Album

Dw. Dunphy May 8, 2008 14

Okay, this is how I think it’s going to go down: before the end of the year, a major player in the music industry will announce that it’ll no longer sign bands to make albums. It’ll institute ten-song deals versus three albums, the product to be delivered over a two-year period versus a contract tying up five to ten years. Each of the ten songs are to be considered singles, radio-ready, with at least a 65 percent probability of hit status, otherwise the band in question is liable to be dropped for fulfillment issues. If the losses are great, breach-of-contract litigation is not out of the question.

setSound ridiculous? Or does it sound like the obvious conclusion for an industry that continues to lose money and customer patronage, seeking to cut away anything that doesn’t promote profit — album tracks that may appeal to a creative sense but can’t be capitalized upon, extra production costs inherent in those tracks, and design, packaging, and promotion of a product the public only wants 10 percent of. Witness the next music-industry model circa 2010: the business model of 1961. A label executive now sees his competition focused solely on bankrolling hits, not album sides or expensive packaging, and has to mull over whether it’s better business-wise to chop his staff in half or chop his label’s output in half, retaining the profitable side for himself. Of course the second option is better. He follows suit, and the business model we know today ceases to exist.

Now, you as a music fan and album purchaser hear this news and are appalled — what about the creative angle, the cohesive whole, and the notion that an artist has the broadest canvas with which to work, expand, and grow? Well, what about it. It was recently reported that Apple’s iTunes is now the dominant provider of music in the world, bigger than electronics stores that stock CDs as loss leaders, bigger than even monolithic Wal-Mart, which itself was once the king of music retail. iTunes has made its bones on singles, pure and simple. Few of the portal’s primary users actually go for album sides; people with that mind-set are still likely to buy the physical product, but their numbers are dwindling fast. To say the public in general will miss the album is to ignore the obvious — not only won’t they miss it, they haven’t missed it for five-plus years and counting.

longrockSafe money is on EMI USA being the first to pull the trigger. It’s been on the industry’s ragged edge for a long time now, as superconglomerates Universal Music and Sony/BMG continue to eat everything in sight. Universal’s rise is the most stunning since its flagship label in the late ’80s and early ’90s, MCA, was on the verge of dying: Tom Petty jumped ship for Warners, MCA hadn’t broken a new rock act in about a decade, and it was failing on its initial acquisitions of acts dropped by other labels. Then the company bought up Geffen/DGC. Then Nirvana blew up. Then it dawned on Universal: Don’t buy the bands. Buy the labels. In the wake of boardroom binging, there’s not much left for EMI to eat up. Even its highest-profile artists, like Radiohead, have taken off for greener pastures. The time is right for EMI’s own hallelujah moment; reverting to the singles market is that exact “hosanna.”

The album will never totally die out, of course. Indie labels will still champion it, and the major labels, once they’ve amassed 10 or 15 hits from an act, will release greatest-hits packages just as labels in the ’50s and ’60s did. With the popularity of “various artists” collections like the Now That’s What I Call Music series, it’s not unlikely that Universal or Columbia would institute their own series of such collections — think of a “Columbia All-Stars” compilation or an “Interscope Bangin’ Hits” in this notion. Again, not a new idea, as Atlantic and Motown thrived on such concepts for a long time before the paradigm shift, before the Beatles.

Yes, even though other artists dabbled with the inclusive collection format, it was the Beatles who really solidified the album as the dominant medium, and it could be argued that by crippling our current system we’re stifling future bands with such import and creative impulse. The iTunes business model has already done that, but bands with such ambitions will still find a way, even if it means bankrolling their DIY inclinations themselves. They’ll never be as big as the Beatles, though, and there will never be an album as huge as Michael Jackson’s Thriller again. Selective purchasing, just like selective breeding and genetics, will see to that.

spindlesThere is a bright side, though — many of today’s top artists don’t deserve to make full albums. They and their phalanx of producers, writers, and “people” truly only have two or three good tunes in them. Woe to the uninformed who buy one of their albums and find 80 percent of it to be crap. The singles are essentially the best jokes in a movie trailer that serve to sell the movie, but after you’ve plunked down your $12 you realize they’re the only jokes in the movie. It’s apparent that in the future record labels will only pay for those good jokes in the first place, forcing artists to deliver them and contractually binding them to the promise. Good news for pop music aficionados indeed.

I’m certain the death of the major-label album will happen before year’s end; it’ll be huge news and will irrevocably change mainstream music creation forever, just as the iPod has changed the buying and listening habits of consumers. Form follows function. I sympathize with fans of the good old album because I’m one myself, but c’mon — we knew it was coming. We just needed to admit it, that’s all.

  • http://www.idonthaveawebsite.com Ravenscaur

    A powerful entry, distopic if not Orwellian. Not sure I can say anything other than 'well said'. Prognostics rampant, on a field of dolor.

  • http://avarana.blogspot.com MarlboroTestMonkey7

    Dw., I believe that such move, which seems perfectly reasonable and founded in real facts, would also lead to the downsizing and probable dissapperance of the big labels. How can they carry on with such dead weight? The model is spent. Maybe only promoting one hit wonders as you said, but that's all.
    I hope that this all leads to a self mananged-promoted artist, who sells his/her songs thru a homepage and sustains a fanbase via touring. The album wouldn't need to dissappear, but could be assembled -as it is now- by the fan, the one who keeps the fire burning.

    What the new system needs to work is a way to democratically promote all artists, something that would serve as a pointer to the goods: The Internet. The day everybody has access to it, the model will be complete.

    Ok, enough world changing. Back to work.

  • http://www.popdose.com 1Py_Korry1

    Well, if we take the long view … it seems with popular music, the waxing and waning of singles vs albums is something that is cyclical. Right now with years of music fans paying for shitty albums with only a couple of good songs, coupled with technological advances, music fans found the (almost) free alternative to overpriced CDs: P2P file sharing. With mp3 players and the ability to essentially make monster mix tapes, we collectively developed A.D.D. when it came to listening to one album at a time. And when it comes to our individualized playlists, they can be the most random collection of songs that sound really odd next to each other. The randomness of iPod playlist “mixes” has spilled over to the radio industry where many music directors are trying to “mirror” iPod playlists with random plays. In short, I think the music industry is just responding (late) to a trend that started a long time ago.

  • http://www.popdose.com 1Py_Korry1

    Oh, and great post!

  • http://www.popdose.com DwDunphy

    The labels will thrive with a minimal amount of downsizing through the benefit of two new media outlets: ringtones and commercial licensing. These two markets will easily buoy the topheavy music corporations as they become commercial soundtrack providers versus album providers.

  • JonCummings

    This is a great, well-thought-out piece full of ideas the labels really should be thinking about, even if they're not now. I think your predictions are part of what's going to happen, if not the whole thing. I believe that, at some point down the road, even iTunes is going to have to adjust because, in the age of streaming media and endless downloadable possibilities, paying for individual tracks is going to cease being an attractive option for a lot of people.

    I believe that while individual-track or -album sales will continue on some level, subscription-based services are going to become more popular. This will alleviate some of the labels' risk, because if they can develop an industry-wide model based on x-number of consumers paying, say, $10-$25 a month for access to huge volumes of downloadable music, the labels will be able to base their A&R and release decisions on a stable revenue stream.

    Additionally, such a model will enable at least some well-established acts to exert their creative muscles on an album-length level, even if new artists are signed based on an assumption that every track released under an initial contract should be single-quality. I honestly can't imagine a world in which U2 or Springsteen or Radiohead or Dylan or Leonard Cohen (you get the idea) couldn't pursue their muses across a dozen tracks released simultaneously; however, that doesn't mean that even Mariah or Madonna need to be putting out full-length efforts if they (or Timbaland) don't have the material to justify it.

    This is a fascinating subject that should be/hopefully is under intense discussion in boardrooms around Manhattan and Hollywood. We should kick it around amongst ourselves for awhile, too…

  • http://minitrue.co.uk TruthMinister

    Dw., I couldn't agree with you more – I posted similar thoughts a few weeks ago (http://minitrue.co.uk/wordpress/never-mind-the-…).

    The artificial construct that is The Album is all-but-dead commercially. The sooner the record companies realise this, the sooner we may be able to enter a new golden age of pop music. Bring on a period of musical Darwinism!

    JonCummings' subscription-based model also seems likely to be given a run-out before too much longer, though I fear that model may flounder if it the music is tied to a particular device. While someone might gladly pay $20 a month to access a library of music, would they be quite so prepared to pay three times that amount just to have that library access across their computer, their MP3 player AND their mobile phone?

    Because that's the way music execs seem to think: “We've been able to re-sell the same catalogues over and over again for decades so why won't it work now?” Sometimes I wonder whether the suits actually understand digitisation at all.

    This has the potential to be a hugely exciting few years in pop music, yet nobody in the industry seems to recognise the need to try new things NOW before the entire industry collapses under the weight of all those 1s and 0s flying back and forth across the web.

  • http://yahoo.com eric

    Isn't it early to write the epitaph for the album when the bulk of sales are still CD albums? Yes, trends are moving in the direction of the single, but trees don't grow to the sky. Trends at some point level out or even reverse.

    The subscription idea doesn't appeal to me at all, unless the cost is quite low. I already have enough music to keep me entertained for the rest of my life. It doesn't stop me from buying new albums, but that's just the point. People like to own, not rent. (Even if they stole it, haha.)

  • http://minitrue.co.uk TruthMinister

    Eric, as Dw. says, albums will still exist – both originals and compilations – but the album's 50-year dominance as the most important format in which we buy music is over.

    Similarly the CD will – slowly – be replaced by digital format, particularly now bandwidth and storage are so much cheaper, in the same way that the vinyl record and then the tape cassette both faded away over a period of time. Most of the 20-somethings I work with don't buy CDs now – they go straight to iTunes or – more pertinently – less legal sources.

    I'm with you on subscriptions – I'd be surprised if that model becomes popular – for the very reason you gave that people like to own what they buy.

  • Russ

    The heyday of the album was in the vinyl age, and albums seldom surpassed the 35-minute mark. Albums grew to the 70-minute mark because the CD could physically hold that much without an increase in manufacturing costs, NOT because the music itself was so good that 35 mintues just wasn't enough. I curtailed my CD purchasing before the age of Napster for just this very reason. Consumers couldn't switch to the “singles” mode fast enough – it's always been the labels limiting the supply of singles that had been their advantage. Except for the late 60's early 70's where singles were “uncool”, singles have always been the preference for most consumers. And that was more of an American phenomenon anyway; there was a time when singles and albums were considered distinct products – the idea of singles being “taken from the album” was seen as a ripoff.

    Read music history and you'll notice the drop in record sales in the 70's coincided with the effort to kill the single – roughly the same time when new bands stoppped being signed to “initial single” contracts – think of all the 70's rock bands like Queen, Blur Oyster Cult, Steely Dan, etc. whose first major label release is a single-only track.

    I don't think the major-label album is dead, but you will be seeing contracts structured such that albums won't be green-lighted if the single tanks.

  • JonCummings

    As the mentioner of the subscription-based model, let me be clear that I don't think the current subscription services are worthwhile at all–they're too incomplete in their offerings, they're not DRM-free, there's too much hassle getting music onto various devices, and you don't get to keep the music if you stop subscribing. All those problems need to be solved before a subscription model works for me.

    The model I'm thinking about is not a streaming, pay-your-bill-or-lose-it model. I'm thinking of a model that is more like a cable video-on-demand system writ large, with everybody having a TiVo.

    Let's say there's an iTunes-like website that offers the entire vast universe of music content. Maybe you could pay $10 a month to stream that content, or maybe to download files that must be renewed every month when you pay your bill. OR you could pay $20 a month, and purchase the ability to download permanent files of anything and everything you want, DRM-free. After that, it's yours to keep. If you have the time, bandwidth and wherewithal to download every single recording known to man, then have at it. But if you want more stuff next month, you'll have to pay your bill–or perhaps you can still purchase songs individually, but under my fantasyland subscription model there won't be much incentive to do that for anyone who's got $20 a month.

    What I envision is a business model in which many millions of people commit to spending relatively small amounts of money, on a sliding scale, for access to temporary or permanent copies of…everything. It seems to me that such a model could fund a thriving recording industry, though it would probably be one very much unlike what we have now.

    How to get there, I don't know. How artists will get their content onto the database and how they'll get paid, I don't know. (Maybe artists will get paid by the sale–a song that's downloaded a million times will be worth much more than your brother Ed's upload that sells five copies to your mom.) Who (if anyone) will serve as a gatekeeper for such a system, I don't know.

    It's music-collecting Utopia, my friends! (maybe…)

  • niksoerum

    Something like the thing you are describing already exists. emusic.com offers a limited number of downloads each month, for a subscription fee. The more expensive subscription the more tracks are allowed each month. Furthermore, the price pr. track are lowest for the most expensive subscriptions. The thing is that you get to keep the tracks you download.
    At the moment there are 3 available subscription plans:
    A: 30 songs/month , 12,99 euro/month
    B: 50 songs/month , 16,99 euro/month
    C: 75 songs/month , 20,99 euro/month

    Not said that this is Utopia, but its a step towards it. And with this huge competition going on, I'm sure that the available offers will continue to improve for the consumers.

  • niksoerum

    Something like the thing you are describing already exists. emusic.com offers a limited number of downloads each month, for a subscription fee. The more expensive subscription the more tracks are allowed each month. Furthermore, the price pr. track are lowest for the most expensive subscriptions. The thing is that you get to keep the tracks you download.
    At the moment there are 3 available subscription plans:
    A: 30 songs/month , 12,99 euro/month
    B: 50 songs/month , 16,99 euro/month
    C: 75 songs/month , 20,99 euro/month

    Not said that this is Utopia, but its a step towards it. And with this huge competition going on, I'm sure that the available offers will continue to improve for the consumers.

  • niksoerum

    Something like the thing you are describing already exists. emusic.com offers a limited number of downloads each month, for a subscription fee. The more expensive subscription the more tracks are allowed each month. Furthermore, the price pr. track are lowest for the most expensive subscriptions. The thing is that you get to keep the tracks you download.
    At the moment there are 3 available subscription plans:
    A: 30 songs/month , 12,99 euro/month
    B: 50 songs/month , 16,99 euro/month
    C: 75 songs/month , 20,99 euro/month

    Not said that this is Utopia, but its a step towards it. And with this huge competition going on, I'm sure that the available offers will continue to improve for the consumers.